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Patient Handout: Asciminib (Scemblix®)

What is Asciminib?

Asciminib (brand name: Scemblix®) is a medication used to treat certain types of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). These conditions are characterized by abnormal white blood cells. Asciminib works by targeting and blocking specific proteins that drive the growth of cancer cells, especially the BCR-ABL fusion protein, which is found in CML.

Asciminib is often used when other treatments have not been effective or when other medications, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are not working.

How Does Asciminib Work?

Asciminib is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). It works by blocking the BCR-ABL protein, which is abnormal in certain leukemia cells. By inhibiting this protein, Asciminib helps stop the growth and spread of leukemia cells, which helps control the disease and improve symptoms.

How Should I Take Asciminib?

  • Dosage: Your doctor will decide the appropriate dosage based on your condition, response to treatment, and other factors.
  • Administration: Asciminib is taken as a tablet by mouth.
  • How to take: Take the tablet exactly as your doctor prescribed. Swallow the tablet whole. You can take Asciminib with or without food.
  • Missed dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to your next dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not take two doses at the same time to make up for a missed dose.

Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, Asciminib can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Some common and serious side effects include:

  • Common side effects:
    • Fatigue (feeling tired)
    • Headache
    • Nausea
    • Diarrhea
    • Muscle pain or joint pain
    • Rash
  • Serious side effects (contact your doctor immediately if you notice any of these):
    • Severe allergic reactions: Symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face or throat), difficulty breathing, and dizziness.
    • Liver problems: Signs of liver issues include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or abdominal pain.
    • Heart problems: Symptoms such as chest pain, fast or irregular heartbeat, or shortness of breath.
    • Bleeding: Unusual bruising or bleeding, or blood in your urine or stool.

Precautions

Before you start treatment with Asciminib, tell your doctor if you have:

  • Heart problems: Including a history of heart disease, high blood pressure, or arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats).
  • Liver disease: Asciminib may affect your liver function, and your doctor will monitor this closely.
  • Kidney disease: If you have kidney problems, your doctor will take this into account when prescribing Asciminib.
  • Allergic reactions: If you have had an allergic reaction to other TKIs or medications in the past.
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding: Asciminib may harm an unborn baby. It is not recommended during pregnancy. Do not breastfeed while taking Asciminib.

Regular Monitoring and Tests

While taking Asciminib, your doctor will monitor your health with regular tests, such as:

  • Blood tests: To check liver function, blood counts, and kidney function.
  • Heart monitoring: If you have any risk factors for heart problems, your doctor may check your heart function regularly.
  • Blood pressure checks: Since Asciminib can affect blood pressure, regular monitoring is important.

Drug Interactions

Asciminib can interact with other medications. Be sure to tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including:

  • Prescription medications
  • Over-the-counter medications
  • Herbal supplements
  • Vitamins

Some drugs may interfere with how Asciminib works or increase the risk of side effects. Always check with your doctor before starting any new medications.

What to Do in Case of an Emergency

If you experience any of the following symptoms, get emergency medical help immediately:

  • Difficulty breathing or tightness in the chest
  • Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
  • Severe dizziness, fainting, or a fast heart rate
  • Unusual bruising or bleeding
  • Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

  • Pregnancy: Asciminib may harm an unborn baby. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss alternatives with your doctor. You should use effective birth control while taking Asciminib.
  • Breastfeeding: It is not known whether Asciminib passes into breast milk. Do not breastfeed while taking Asciminib.

Lifestyle Tips

  • Avoid activities that could lead to injury: Asciminib may increase the risk of bleeding. Avoid contact sports and activities where injury could occur.
  • Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids, especially if you experience diarrhea or nausea.
  • Monitor your health: Keep track of any side effects you experience, and report them to your healthcare team.

Conclusion

Asciminib is an effective treatment for certain types of leukemia, but like all medications, it carries potential risks and side effects. Your doctor will work with you to determine the best treatment plan and monitor your health throughout your treatment. Be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully and attend all scheduled appointments to ensure the best possible outcome.

If you have any questions or concerns about your treatment with Asciminib, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider.

Disclaimer: This handout is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for specific medical guidance regarding your treatment.