Patient Handout: Fulvestrant
What is Fulvestrant?
Fulvestrant is a medication used to treat certain types of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It works by blocking estrogen, a hormone that can promote the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Fulvestrant is often prescribed for breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or for cancer that has not responded to other treatments.
Fulvestrant is usually used in combination with other therapies for breast cancer, depending on the individual treatment plan developed by your doctor.
How Does Fulvestrant Work?
Fulvestrant belongs to a class of medications called estrogen receptor antagonists. It works by binding to estrogen receptors on the cancer cells and blocking the action of estrogen. This helps stop the cancer cells from growing and dividing.
Unlike some other hormonal therapies, fulvestrant also causes the estrogen receptor to break down, which leads to the further inhibition of estrogen’s effects on the cancer cells.
How to Take Fulvestrant
- Form: Fulvestrant is given as an injection. It is not taken by mouth.
- Administration: Fulvestrant is injected into a muscle (usually in the buttocks) by a healthcare provider. You will typically receive the injection every two weeks for the first few months, then once a month after that.
- Dosage: Your doctor will determine the exact dosage and schedule based on your condition and treatment plan. It is important to follow their instructions carefully.
Possible Side Effects
Fulvestrant can cause side effects, and it is important to report any new or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Common Side Effects:
- Pain at the injection site: Some people may experience soreness or swelling where the injection was given. Applying a cold compress may help reduce discomfort.
- Hot flashes: This is a common symptom during treatment. Wearing loose, cool clothing and staying hydrated may help manage hot flashes.
- Nausea: Some people may experience nausea. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can help manage this symptom.
- Fatigue: You may feel more tired than usual. It’s important to rest and conserve your energy, but inform your doctor if fatigue becomes severe.
- Headache: Headaches can occur with fulvestrant. If they are severe or persistent, consult your doctor.
Serious Side Effects:
- Allergic reactions: Symptoms of an allergic reaction can include rash, itching, swelling of the face or throat, and difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience these symptoms.
- Liver problems: Fulvestrant can cause liver issues. Symptoms such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or unusual fatigue should be reported to your doctor immediately.
- Bone pain: Some people may experience bone pain, which can be related to the cancer itself. Contact your healthcare provider if you notice new or worsening pain.
- Bleeding: If you experience unusual bruising or bleeding (such as nosebleeds or gum bleeding), contact your doctor.
Precautions Before Taking Fulvestrant
Before starting fulvestrant, inform your healthcare provider about:
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Fulvestrant may harm an unborn baby. It is important to inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Birth control is recommended during treatment.
- Liver conditions: If you have liver disease or any liver problems, talk to your doctor before taking fulvestrant.
- Other Medications: Tell your doctor about any other medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Some medications may interact with fulvestrant, affecting how it works or increasing side effects.
What to Avoid While Taking Fulvestrant
- Grapefruit and Grapefruit Juice: Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as it may interact with fulvestrant and affect how your body processes the medication.
- Alcohol: Limit alcohol consumption, as it can increase the risk of liver problems while taking fulvestrant.
Regular Monitoring
Your healthcare provider will monitor your response to fulvestrant with regular blood tests and other assessments to ensure the medication is working and to check for any side effects. Be sure to attend all scheduled follow-up appointments.
When to Contact Your Doctor
Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:
- Severe pain or swelling at the injection site
- Signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing
- Symptoms of liver problems, such as yellowing of your skin or eyes or dark urine
- Unusual or severe bone pain
- Any signs of bleeding or bruising
- Any other concerning symptoms
Disclaimer:
This handout is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider regarding treatment and care. For personalized advice, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist.