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Patient Handout: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate (Synribo®)

What is Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate?

Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate (brand name: Synribo®) is a medication used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). These types of leukemia are caused by abnormal white blood cells. Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate works by inhibiting the production of the abnormal proteins that drive cancer cell growth in CML, thereby helping to slow down or stop the growth of the cancer cells.

How Does Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate Work?

Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate is a protein synthesis inhibitor that interferes with the ability of leukemia cells to make certain proteins necessary for their survival. It targets a specific part of the cells and prevents them from multiplying, which helps control the disease. It can be used when other treatments, like tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are not effective or suitable for patients with certain genetic mutations.

How Should I Take Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate?

  • Dosage: Your doctor will determine the appropriate dose based on your individual condition. The typical dosage is administered in cycles, and the schedule may vary.
  • Administration: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate is given as an injection under the skin (subcutaneously). It is usually administered by a healthcare provider in a clinic or hospital setting.
  • Injection schedule: You may receive injections once or twice a day for a certain period (e.g., for 14 consecutive days), followed by a break before the next treatment cycle begins. Your doctor will provide the exact schedule tailored to your needs.

Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate can cause side effects. While not everyone experiences them, here are some possible side effects:

  • Common side effects:
    • Fatigue (feeling tired)
    • Nausea and vomiting
    • Diarrhea
    • Pain, redness, or irritation at the injection site
    • Loss of appetite
  • Serious side effects (contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of these):
    • Low blood counts: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate may cause low levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Symptoms include fever, easy bruising or bleeding, unusual tiredness, and infections.
    • Severe allergic reactions: Swelling of the face, lips, throat, or difficulty breathing.
    • Liver problems: Signs of liver issues include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, and pain in the upper right side of the stomach.
    • Heart issues: Difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeats, or chest pain may signal heart problems.

Precautions

Before you start taking Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate, tell your doctor if you have any of the following conditions:

  • Bone marrow problems: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate can affect your bone marrow, leading to low blood counts. Your doctor will monitor your blood levels regularly during treatment.
  • Liver problems: If you have liver disease or impaired liver function, your doctor may adjust your dose or monitor you more closely.
  • Heart problems: Let your doctor know if you have any heart-related issues, such as irregular heartbeats or a history of heart disease.
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential harm to an unborn baby. You should avoid breastfeeding while taking this medication.

Regular Monitoring and Tests

While you are receiving Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate treatment, your doctor will monitor your health closely with regular tests, including:

  • Blood tests: To check your blood counts (for red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) and monitor for any signs of infection or bleeding.
  • Liver function tests: To ensure your liver is functioning properly.
  • Heart monitoring: If you have a history of heart issues, your doctor may assess your heart function.

Drug Interactions

Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate may interact with other medications, so it is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking, including:

  • Prescription medications
  • Over-the-counter drugs
  • Herbal supplements and vitamins
  • Any other cancer treatments or chemotherapy drugs

Certain drugs may interfere with Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate’s effectiveness or increase the risk of side effects. Always consult with your doctor before starting any new medications.

What to Do in Case of an Emergency

If you experience any of the following serious symptoms, seek emergency medical attention immediately:

  • Difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat
  • Severe dizziness or fainting
  • Chest pain or irregular heartbeats
  • Unusual bruising or bleeding
  • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
  • Severe fatigue or weakness

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

  • Pregnancy: Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate may harm an unborn baby. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, inform your doctor immediately. You should use effective birth control to prevent pregnancy while on this medication.
  • Breastfeeding: It is not known if Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate passes into breast milk. You should not breastfeed while taking Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate.

Lifestyle Tips

  • Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids, especially if you experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
  • Be cautious of infection: Since Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate can lower your white blood cell count, you may be more susceptible to infections. Avoid large crowds or people who are sick, and wash your hands frequently.
  • Watch for signs of bleeding: Since Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate can lower your platelet count, watch for unusual bruising, bleeding gums, or tiny red spots under your skin. Notify your doctor if you notice any of these signs.
  • Follow up appointments: It’s important to keep all scheduled appointments with your doctor for monitoring and follow-up care.

Conclusion

Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate (Synribo®) is an important medication used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL), especially when other treatments are not effective. While it can be very effective, it also comes with potential side effects and risks. Make sure to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully, and do not hesitate to contact your healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns during your treatment.

If you experience any side effects or unusual symptoms, reach out to your doctor immediately for advice and further management.

Disclaimer: This handout is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for specific medical guidance regarding your treatment.