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Patient Handout: Opdualag (nivolumab and relatlimab)

What is Opdualag?

Opdualag is a medication used to treat certain types of cancers, including melanoma (a type of skin cancer). It contains two active ingredients:

  • Nivolumab (Opdivo): A type of immune checkpoint inhibitor that helps your immune system attack cancer cells.
  • Relatlimab: A checkpoint inhibitor that works by enhancing the immune system’s ability to target and destroy cancer cells.

When used together, these medications may help your body fight cancer by boosting your immune system’s natural ability to recognize and kill cancer cells.

How Opdualag Works

Opdualag works by targeting two proteins (PD-1 and LAG-3) that suppress the immune system’s ability to fight cancer. By blocking these proteins, Opdualag helps your immune system better recognize and attack the cancer.

Conditions Treated by Opdualag

Opdualag is primarily used for the treatment of:

  • Advanced Melanoma: This is a type of skin cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
  • Other cancers: It may also be used for other cancers as determined by your healthcare provider.

Administration of Opdualag

Opdualag is given as an intravenous (IV) infusion into your vein by a healthcare provider. The infusion is usually done in a healthcare setting, such as a hospital or clinic.

  • Initial dosing: The first dose is given every 4 weeks, followed by regular dosing schedules based on your condition.
  • Duration of treatment: Your healthcare provider will determine how long you will need to receive Opdualag.

Potential Side Effects

Like all medications, Opdualag can cause side effects. Not everyone will experience these, but it’s important to be aware of them.

Common side effects may include:

  • Fatigue or tiredness
  • Skin rash or itching
  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea or loss of appetite

Serious side effects may include:

  • Immune system problems: Since Opdualag boosts the immune system, it can cause inflammation in different organs, including the lungs, liver, intestines, or kidneys. Symptoms of this can include:
    • Difficulty breathing
    • Severe stomach pain or diarrhea
    • Yellowing of the skin or eyes
    • Swelling in the legs or feet
  • Hormonal problems: Opdualag can affect the glands that produce hormones. This can lead to conditions like thyroid problems or adrenal gland issues.

Managing Side Effects

  • Report any new or unusual symptoms: If you notice anything unusual, such as severe tiredness, persistent cough, or changes in your skin or bowel movements, inform your healthcare provider right away.
  • Routine monitoring: Your healthcare provider may monitor your blood counts and liver, kidney, and thyroid function regularly during treatment to detect any changes early.

Important Considerations Before Using Opdualag

  • Pre-existing conditions: Inform your healthcare provider if you have any history of autoimmune disorders, lung disease, liver disease, kidney disease, or hormone problems.
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Opdualag may harm an unborn baby and is not recommended during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, speak with your healthcare provider to weigh the risks and benefits.
  • Vaccines: Certain vaccines should be avoided while on Opdualag. Ask your healthcare provider before getting any vaccinations during treatment.

Disclaimer: This handout is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for advice specific to your condition and treatment plan.